In  recent  years  the  relations  between  the  Arab  League  and  the  European  Union  have  not  been  particularly close. It resulted from both the limited activity of the League, as well as other directions of  foreign  policy  implemented  by  the  EU.  Changes  that  have  taken  place  in  the  international  balance of power (e.a. the Arab’s Spring, increased Chinese interest in Arab states) should be factors prompting the European Union to undertake a more intensive dialogue with the Arab League. Both the  EU  and  the  Arab  League  have  many  common  interests,  and  the  refugee  problem  seems  to  be  one  of  the  most  important.  From  the  EU’s  point  of  view,  refugees  are  a  serious  social,  economic  and  political  problem  as  well  as  an  obstacle  to  sustainable  development  for  the  member  states  of  the Arab League.

This  paper  discusses  the  key  characteristics  of  the  migration  situation  and  overall  trends  in  the  migration processes in the Republic of Moldova. Practically, many of the former Soviet republics were faced with serious social and economic problems. Economical systems of new post-soviet countries were  ill-equipped  to  handle  new  borders  and  customs  barriers.  As  the  “multi-national  state”  was  dissolved, the majority of new post-Soviet states struggled with ethnic conflicts, which triggered the first  wave  of  the  so-called  “great  escape”  of  the  population.  In  Moldova’s  case,  the  Transnistrian  conflict was a classic example of such a civilizational crisis, the solution to which was not found to date. The first wave of the “great escape” was triggered by the hard situation of the national identity formation.  The  “second  wave”  was  a  reaction  to  an  increasingly  poor  economic  situation.  Today,  the formation of the “third wave of great escape” becomes increasingly more evident – perhaps the last one for the Moldavian state. This “third wave” is also connected with integrational processes, mostly  in  the  European  Union  countries.  The  second  part  of  the  article  analyses  the  relationship  between the economic development of the Republic of Moldova and the current migration situation. In general, despite a number of positive changes, such as the reduction of the critical high level of dependence of the economy on financial remittances of Moldovan migrant workers, the level of such dependence  remains  very  high,  and  the  speed  of  development  of  the  Moldovan  economy,  on  the  contrary, is significantly reduced. The paper concludes with four main factors that, in the author’s opinion, are critical for the analysis of the current negative migration situation in the Republic of Moldova,  as  well  as  those  that  may  become  key  factors  that  will  have  a  significant  impact  on  the strengthening of the negative socio-economic situation in the country and the systemic crisis in the future 2035–2040.

In  recent  years  the  seemingly  firm  historical  ties  between  Warsaw  and  Berlin  have  become  increasingly strained. This results from a growing political asymmetry between the two countries. Germany moved into a semi-hegemonial position under the conditions of the triple crisis of banking, economy  and  sovereign  debt  in  the  eurozone.  Consequently,  German  chancellor  Angela  Merkel  was  in  a  strong  enough  position  to  implement  ordoliberal  reforms  of  the  eurozone’s  governance  architecture,  which  were  promoted  as  an  approach  without  alternatives.  Merkel  maintained  her  uncompromising  stance  during  the  migration  crisis  in  the  summer  of  2015,  when  she  demanded  implementation of compulsory migrant distribution quotas across the EU. Poland and the Visegrád countries had initially strongly supported German leadership in resolving the eurozone crisis. The alienation  from  Germany’s  European  agenda  however  became  significant  under  the  conditions  of  the  migration  crisis.  Here  the  firm  opposition  of  Poland  and  the  rest  of  the  Visegrád  Group  towards Germany’s preferences shows a strategic mismatch between the EU’s liberal core, which is spearheaded by Germany, and the concept of the “illiberal” state, which Poland has embraced under the  PiS  government.  The  willingness  to  resolve  these  differences  will  be  crucial  in  determining  the  future shape of Polish-German relations.